Tuesday, November 4, 2008

EU into recession in the euro zone as a whole to save the city of difficult labor program


The European Commission (European Commission) announced Monday the autumn economic forecasts even more firmly on the European market to determine the economic outlook. The report showed that euro-zone countries have significant signs of a recession at the same time the European Union next year's economic growth will be stalled. However, despite the worsening economic situation, the European Union as a whole has repeatedly put out a program of the city of difficult labor.
To confirm the trend of negative growth
The report forecast that the euro-zone economy in the second quarter from the ring than the emergence of a negative growth of 0.2 percent in the third quarter and fourth quarter will appear a negative growth of 0.1 percent. Two consecutive quarter of negative economic growth, which means that the "economic recession" to set up a technical.
The report shows that in 2008, economic growth in Europe from 2007's 2.9 percent drop sharply by 1.4% in 2009, the EU economy would be stagnant, and only 0.2 percent growth forecast. In 2010, economic recovery is expected, the growth rate might be 1.1%. 15 countries in the euro zone this year's annual economic growth rate is estimated to be 1.2 percent, down from the spring forecast of 1.7 percent; next two years after the euro-zone economic growth will be 0.1 percent and 0.9 percent.
The report also predicted that in 2009 the euro-zone economic powers Germany, France and Italy will see zero growth, Spain will be a negative growth of 0.2 percent. Non-euro-zone economic power of Britain's economy will see negative growth of 1%.
On the other hand, the labor market and public finances will be worse. The report showed that the unemployment rate in the euro zone this year from 7.6% to 8.4% next year and 8.7 percent in 2010; the European Union, the unemployment rate from 7.0 percent this year rose to 7.8 percent next year and 8.1 percent in 2010.
CASS Institute of World Economics and Politics Research Institute of International Finance Zhang Bin, deputy director of the view that the European economic outlook is not optimistic, despite the crisis broke out in Europe compared with action in a timely manner, but the impact in Europe than the United States is not small. Compared with the United States, the European Union market flexibility than the United States, the United States out of the crisis may be far faster than the speed of Europe. "
We need from the EU level to coordinate action to support economic development." EU Economic and Monetary Affairs Joaquin Almunia Chairman of the Committee (Joaquin Almunia) data released at the same time, the EU called on all countries to take concerted action to improve the economy, "Everyone National action is necessary, but if the countries can coordinate their actions, they share the same objectives as well as to discuss the case, such a measure before more effective. "
Euro Group President, the first-Claude Juncker of Luxembourg (Jean-Claude Juncker) said, "We support for a number of specific joint measures to be taken. But the best action at the level of the Group of the euro launch."
Argue "concerted action"
But in the evening of Nov. 3 in the euro zone held 15 monthly meetings, a European Union-wide economic rescue plan has met with opposition from some countries.
Dutch Finance Minister Wouter Bos said publicly, "I do not think the new EU-wide measures are necessary, economic policy is at the heart of national policy. Countries to coordinate economic policy should abide by" the EU stability and growth pact "in the budget rules."
In fact, as the crisis deepened, the European countries to take concerted action on a consensus has been reached, but all countries will accept the measures did not, since birth.
Prior to this, some EU politicians have called for a fiscal stimulus package to help the EU to deal with the economic slowdown. In which French President Sarkozy is the most active participants and advocates. September, Sarkozy proposed by the European Union was to establish a national unity fund to rescue the market, and then in the October 21 proposed the establishment of the Government in the euro zone economy, and called upon France to set up similar funds of national sovereignty.
However, it was Germany's strong opposition. The European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso is also worried about Sarkozy's rescue package, which may adversely affect the independence of the European Central Bank.
Zhang Bin said, "First of all, the European Union by the impact of different countries, different level, if the European Union to take a unified course of action, from the inevitable trade-offs to their respective positions, the program encountered the same resistance is huge; followed by On the countries, every country across the political struggle between the powerful group, which also delayed the reunification of the countries in the program through. Although the use of a unified currency, fiscal policy is independent. "
November 3, Chairman of the Group of the euro, Juncker also denied the EU level, the need for a coherent plan, "we are facing a serious economic situation in the euro area does not need an overall economic stimulus program, it is imperative that all countries To take targeted measures for the short-term growth in demand for public support. "
Dutch Finance Minister Bos confidence to vote for the European Central Bank, "We have a strong European Central Bank (EBC), it is our joint operation of the most perfect body." However, the European Central Bank has also previously as a result of slow response to financial crisis and the war have been criticized. Last month, in response to the global financial crisis, the central bank to cut interest rates a joint operation, the European Central Bank has lowered interest rates by half a percentage point to 3.75 percent.
The bad economic situation may force the European Central Bank to cut interest rates again. Four this week, the ECB's Governing Council will hold a meeting that interest. The market is expected to again cut interest rates half a percentage point.
欧盟委员会(European Commission)周一公布的秋季经济预测报告更加坚定了市场对欧洲经济前景的判断。报告显示,欧元区国家已显衰退迹象,同时明年欧盟经济增长将陷入停滞。但尽管经济形势不断恶化,欧盟整体救市方案却一再难产。
确认负增长趋势
这份预测报告称,欧元区经济从第二季度环比出现0.2%的负增长后,第三季度和第四季度将分别出现0.1%的负增长。连续两个季度出现经济负增长,即意味着“经济衰退”技术上的成立。
报告显示,2008年,欧洲各国经济增速将从2007年的2.9%大幅降至1.4%,2009年,欧盟经济将停滞,预测增长仅0.2%。2010年,经济有望复苏,增速可能为1.1%。欧元区15国今年的年经济增速预计为1.2%,低于春季报告预测的1.7%;明后两年欧元区国家的经济增速将为0.1%和0.9%。
报告还预测,2009年欧元区经济大国德国、法国和意大利将出现零增长,西班牙将出现0.2%的负增长。非欧元区经济大国的英国的经济将出现1%负增长。
另一方面,劳动力市场和公共财政将雪上加霜。报告显示,欧元区的失业率将从今年的7.6%上升到明年的8.4%和2010年的8.7%;欧盟的失业率将从今年的7.0%上升到明年的7.8%和2010年的8.1%。
社科院世界经济与政治研究所国际金融研究室副主任张斌认为,欧洲经济前景并不乐观,尽管危机爆发后欧洲各国行动比较及时,但欧洲受到的冲击并不比美国小。与美国相比,欧盟市场弹性远不如美国,美国摆脱危机的速度可能远远快于欧洲。
“我们需要从欧盟的层面上协调采取行动来支持经济发展。”欧盟经济和货币事务委员会主席阿尔穆尼亚(Joaquin Almunia)公布数据的同时,呼吁欧盟各国采取一致行动来提升经济,“每个国家采取行动是必要的,但是如果各国能协调行动、目标一致以及共同探讨的话,这样的措施才更加有效。”
欧元集团主席、卢森堡首相容克(Jean-Claude Juncker)也表示,“我们支持针对许多特定部门联合采取措施。但是协调行动最好在欧元国集团层面上展开。”
争辩“一致行动”
但就在11月3日晚召开的欧元区15国月度会议前,采取一个欧盟范围的经济拯救计划已遭到了部分国家的反对。
荷兰财政部长Wouter Bos公开声称,“我不认为新的欧盟范围的措施是必要的,经济政策是国家政策的核心。各国采取经济协调政策应当遵守《欧盟稳定与增长公约》中的预算规则。”
事实上,随着危机的不断加深,欧洲各国就采取一致行动上已达成共识,但各国都能够接受的措施却迟迟不出,难产至今。
此前,一些欧盟政治家们呼吁一项财政刺激一揽子计划,以帮助欧盟应对经济放缓。其中法国总统萨科齐是最积极的参与者和倡导者。九月起,萨科齐先是提出欧盟各国设立一个统一的救市基金,而后又在10月21日提出设立欧元区经济政府,并呼吁各国相仿法国设立国家主权基金。
然而,这遭到了德国的强烈反对。而欧盟委员会主席巴罗佐也担心萨科齐的救市计划可能有损欧洲央行的独立性。
张斌分析说,“首先,欧盟各国受到的冲击各异,轻重不一样,欧盟若采取一个统一的行动方案,各国必然从各自的立场来权衡,因此一致方案所遭遇的阻力是巨大的;其次,就各国内部来说,每个国家不同政治集团间的争斗厉害,这也延缓了统一方案在各国的通过。虽然使用统一的货币,各国的财政政策是独立的。”
11月3日,欧元集团主席、卢森堡首相容克也否认了在欧盟层面上采取一致计划的必要性,“面对严峻的经济形势,欧元区并不需要一套总的经济刺激方案,当务之急是各国采取有针对性的短期措施为公共需求增长提供支持。”
荷兰财政部长Bos把信任票投给了欧洲央行,“我们已经有一个强有力的欧洲央行(EBC),它是我们采取联合行动最完美的机构。”
但是,欧洲央行此前也因应对金融危机动作缓慢而饱受外界批评。上个月,在全球央行为应对金融危机联合降息的行动中,欧洲央行已将利率下调半个百分点减至3.75%。
糟糕的经济形势将可能迫使欧洲央行再次降息。本周四,欧洲央行管理委员会将举行议息会议。市场预计其将再次降息半个百分点。

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